====== Den Webserver für Nextcloud vorbereiten ======

===== SSL konfigurieren =====
Anlegen der allgemeinen SSL-Konfiguration:
<code bash>mkdir -p /etc/nginx/snippets
nano /etc/nginx/snippets/ssl.conf</code>
Inhalt der Datei:
<code bash>#
# SSL Configuration
#
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
# SSL ciphers: RSA + ECDSA
# Two certificate types (ECDSA, RSA) are needed.
ssl_ciphers 'TLS-CHACHA20-POLY1305-SHA256:TLS-AES-256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA512:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA512:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384';
# Diffie-Hellman parameter for DHE ciphersuites, recommended 4096 bits
ssl_dhparam /etc/nginx/dhparams/dhparams.pem;
# Use multiple curves.
ssl_ecdh_curve secp521r1:secp384r1;
# Server should determine the ciphers, not the client
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# SSL session handling
ssl_session_timeout 1d; 
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m; 
ssl_session_tickets off;
# See https://letsencrypt.org/2024/12/05/ending-ocsp/
#ssl_stapling on;
#ssl_stapling_verify on;
# DNS resolver
resolver 192.168.178.1;</code>

===== Header-Konfiguration vornehmen =====
Anlegen einer allgemeinen Konfiguration für die vom Webserver auszuliefernden Header:
<code bash>nano /etc/nginx/snippets/headers.conf</code>
Inhalt der Datei:
<code bash>#
# Header configuration
#  
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubdomains; preload;" always; 
add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
add_header X-Robots-Tag "noindex, nofollow" always;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen always;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none always;
add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer always;
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;</code>

===== Einen virtuellen Host für Nextcloud anlegen =====
Virtuellen Host anlegen:
<code bash>nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/nextcloud.hoeglinger.name.conf</code>
Inhalt des virtuellen Hosts:
<code bash>upstream php-handler {
    server unix:/run/php/php8.5-fpm.sock;
}
# Set the `immutable` cache control options only for assets with a cache busting `v` argument
map $arg_v $asset_immutable {
    "" "";
    default "immutable";
}
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    listen [::]:443 ssl;
    http2 on;
    server_name nextcloud.hoeglinger.name 192.168.178.55;
# Path to the root of your installation
    root /var/www/nextcloud;
    
    # SSL configuration
    # RSA certificates
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/nextcloud.hoeglinger.name/rsa/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/nextcloud.hoeglinger.name/rsa/key.pem;
    # ECC certificates
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/nextcloud.hoeglinger.name/ecdsa/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/nextcloud.hoeglinger.name/ecdsa/key.pem;
    
    # This should be ca.pem (certificate with the additional intermediate certificate)
    # See here: https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html
    # ECC
    ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/nextcloud.hoeglinger.name/ecdsa/ca.pem;
    
    # Include SSL configuration
    include /etc/nginx/snippets/ssl.conf;
    
    # Include headers
    include /etc/nginx/snippets/headers.conf;
	
	# The settings allows you to optimize the HTTP2 bandwidth.
    # See https://blog.cloudflare.com/delivering-http-2-upload-speed-improvements/
    # for tuning hints
    client_body_buffer_size 512k;
    
    include mime.types;
    types {
        text/javascript mjs;
    }
# set max upload size and increase upload timeout:
    client_max_body_size 10G;
    client_body_timeout 300s;
    fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_comp_level 4;
    gzip_min_length 256;
    gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
    gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/wasm application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
# Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
    # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
    #pagespeed off;
# Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
    # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
    # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
    # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
    # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
    # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
    # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
    # `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
    # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
    # always provides the desired behaviour.
    index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
# Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
    location = / {
        if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
            return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
        }
    }
location = /robots.txt {
        allow all;
        log_not_found off;
        access_log off;
    }
# Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
    # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
    # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
    # for `/.well-known`.
    location ^~ /.well-known {
        # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
        # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
        location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
        location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
# Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
        # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
        return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
    }
# Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
    location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
    location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }
# Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
    # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
    # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
    # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
    location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
        # Required for legacy support
        rewrite ^/(?!index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+|.+\/richdocumentscode\/proxy) /index.php$request_uri;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
        set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
        fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
        fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
        fastcgi_pass php-handler;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        fastcgi_request_buffering off;
fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0;
    
    	fastcgi_read_timeout 600;
		fastcgi_send_timeout 600;
		fastcgi_connect_timeout 600;
fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "upload_max_filesize = 10G
			post_max_size = 10G
			max_execution_time = 3600
			output_buffering = off";
    }
location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif|png|jpg|ico|wasm|tflite|map|ogg|flac)$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463, $asset_immutable";
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
location ~ \.wasm$ {
            default_type application/wasm;
        }
    }
location ~ \.woff2?$ {
        try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
        expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
        access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
    }
# Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
    location /remote {
        return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
    }
location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
    }
}</code>
Test der nginx-Konfiguration:
<code bash>nginx -t</code>
Neustart des Webservers:
<code bash>service nginx restart</code>